AdvancedPCB

Ground and power planes are large conductive areas in a PCB design that serve diverse purposes. Ground planes provide a common reference point for electrical signals and serve as return paths for currents.

PCB routing is pivotal in ensuring the functionality, signal integrity, manufacturability, and reliability of electronic designs. Conductive traces are more than mere component interconnections or power distribution paths, and through effective routing, engineers can minimize signal degradation, crosstalk, and electromagnetic interference (EMI).

The Semiconductor Industry Association, the foremost trade group in the space, projected that 67,000 of the new jobs the CHIPS Act will create are vulnerable to vacancy in 2030.

Pinpointing what constitutes a high-power design can be challenging. However, high-power designs generally involve currents measuring multiple amperes or voltages extending into the kilovolt range.

Before constructing a PCB layout, engineers should take a few preparatory steps to streamline the layout creation. When designing digital and analog circuits, one crucial question is which technology to use.

Temperature influences electronic component behavior and characteristics in numerous ways. The effects are not limited to the components that get hot directly, but also those that are indirectly affected — for example, due to proximity or the PCB material’s thermal properties.

Ensuring electromagnetic (EMI) resistance and EMC compliance is paramount in designing PCBs, and adherence to standards is critical in multiple applications. EMI/EMC regulations govern the emission and susceptibility of electromagnetic radiation from electronic devices, ensuring that they operate harmoniously in their intended environments without causing interference with other devices.

Design for manufacturing (DFM) aims to create PCB designs that are functional, reliable, and testable while also meeting criteria that ensure the manufacturing house can reliably produce them at minimized costs. Designers can achieve DFM by understanding the basic steps involved in manufacturing PCBs, understanding key cost drivers, and following best-practice approaches across all phases of design.

High frequency (HF) and radio frequency (RF) are fundamental in multiple domains, such as aerospace, defense, and medicine, and are often encountered in communication systems, radar devices, and imaging equipment. However, the high frequencies usually involve challenges that PCB designers would not typically face in non-HF designs, such as the need for impedance matching, the skin effect, crosstalk, EMI issues, and reflections.